Impact of insects damaging seed cones of cypress , Cupressus sempervirens , in natural stands and plantations of southeastern Europe

نویسندگان

  • Alain Roques
  • Stephanos Markalas
  • Yong-zhi Pan
  • Jiang-hua Sun
  • Jean-Paul Raimbault
چکیده

A total of 18 stands of Cupressus sempervireus L. (Cupressaceae) were surveyed in the natural Greek range (plus one stand in Turkey) during 1994-1996 in order to identify the pests of seed cones and assess their impact on seed survival. Naturalised stands of mainland Greece, Albania and Malta were sampled for comparison. The cone entomofauna (seven insect and one mite species) did not differ between the native and introduced ranges of cypress. A tortricid, Pseudococcyx tessulatana (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) and a mite, Trisetacus juniperinus (Acari:Nalepellidae), were the most damaging pests because they usually killed cones during the growth period. A more intensive survey of damage together with cone development in four Greek stands showed that only 11-37 % of the initial cones survived until maturity. The seed crop decreased by 78-95 %. Pests, predominantly tortricid larvae, mites and Orsillus seed bugs (Hemiptera:Lygaeidae), were responsible for 41-84 % of that decrease according to the stand. (© Inra/Elsevier, Paris.) Cupressus sempervirens / insect pests/ cone/ seed / Greece Résumé Impact des ravageurs des cônes et graines de cyprès, Cupressus sempervirens, dans des peuplements naturels et plantations du sud-est de l’Europe. Un total de 18 peuplements de Cupressus sempervirens L. (Cupressaceae) ont été échantillonnés en 1994-1995 dans l’aire naturelle grecque (plus un peuplement en Turquie) de l’essence en vue d’identifier les ravageurs des cônes et graines et estimer leur impact sur la survie des graines. Des peuplements naturalisés ont été étudiés pour comparaison en Grèce, en Albanie et dans l’île de Malte. Aucune différence d’entomofaune (sept espèces d’insectes et un acarien) n’a été constatée entre l’aire naturelle et les zones d’introduction du cyprès. La tordeuse Pseudococcyx tessulatana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) et l’acarien Trisetacus juniperinus (Acari : Nalepellidae) constituaient les ravageurs les plus importants, leur attaque induisant la disparition des cônes durant la période de croissance. Un inventaire de l’évolution des dégâts d’insectes au cours du développement des cônes dans quatre sites de Grèce a montré que seulement 11 à 37 % des cônes de départ atteignaient la maturité. La production de graines a diminué de 78 à 95 % par rapport au potentiel de départ. Les ravageurs, principalement les chenilles de tordeuses, les acariens, et les punaises Orsillus spp. (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), ont été responsables de 41 à 84 % de cette diminution. (© Inra/Elsevier, Paris.) Cupressus sempervirens / insectes ravageurs / cône/ graines / Grèce * Correspondence and reprints [email protected]

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Evaluation of Nonlinear Height-Diameter Models of Two Important Species of Turkish Pine (Pinus brutia) and Mediterranean Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis), in the Planted Forests

Knowledge about the relationship between tree height (H) and diameter at breast height (D) is crucial for forest planning, monitoring, biomass estimation, and forest stands dynamics description. In this study, 20 different height-diameter models were evaluated to estimate accurately the height of the trees of Pinus brutia and Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis species in Arabdagh region (...

متن کامل

Comparative study of two coniferous species (Pinus pinaster Aiton and Cupressus sempervirens L. var. dupreziana [A. Camus] Silba) essential oils: chemical composition and biological activity

Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) and Saharan cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L. var. dupreziana [A. Camus] Silba) are two cone-bearing seed coniferous woody plants. The chemical composition of their essential oils, isolated from needles and leaves by hydrodistillation, was analyzed with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 66 and 28 compounds ...

متن کامل

Abnormal Cones in Cupressus Sempervirens

Abnormal' cones found irt Cupressus sempervirens include bisexual cones and double female and male cones. They are very infrequent, but there are individual trees ~th a tendency· to produce· ~\Jch cones. We, suggest that these cones reflect changes in normal hohnonal balance. keY, words: Cupressus sempervirens, bisexilal con~s, cones.

متن کامل

خصوصیات بذر و جوانه‌زنی گونه زربین (Cupressus sempervirens L. Var. horizontalis) و تأثیر برخی عوامل بوم شناختی بر آنها (مطالعه موردی: ذخیره‌گاه جنگلی تنگ سولک بهمئی در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد)

Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L. var. horizontalis) is one of the native conifers in Iran. It is found in Tange Soulak Forest Reserve of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. An experiment in a completely randomized design with factorial 4×2×2 was performed to assess the factors affecting Cupressus sempervirens seed germination. Dieback, slope, and altitude were analyzed at four, two, an...

متن کامل

Cypress canker: a pandemic in progress.

Over the past 70 years a destructive blight of Cupressus macrocarpa and other Cupressaceae, caused by Seiridium cardinale, has spread worldwide from California, devastating forests, plantations, and ornamental cypresses. The epidemic has been particularly severe in the Mediterranean region, on C. sempervirens. A similar destructive blight induced by Lepteutypa cupressi, which caused serious los...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2007